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Home » Countries » Tanzania » education variables DHS 2022 (potential issue with hv106, hv107, hv108)
education variables DHS 2022 [message #28008] Wed, 01 November 2023 12:22 Go to next message
ceciliaca is currently offline  ceciliaca
Messages: 2
Registered: November 2023
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downloaded the recently released 2022 DHS for Tanzania and I noticed some potential inconsistencies with the education variables. In particular, variables hv106, hv107 and hv108. The education system in the country consists of 7 years for primary school, 4 years for low secondary school and 2 years for high secondary school (a total of 13 years) http://data.uis.unesco.org/?ReportId=163


The tabulation of hv106 and hv107 shows 7 years for primary school (which is consistent with the above) and 4 only years for secondary school (see screen shot below). I am not sure how to count the additional 2 years for high secondary school. In addition, variable hv108 (education completed in single years) shows values up to 34 years which are not only very high but also inconsistent with hv106 and hv107.


Would you be able to help me understand how to obtain 13 years between primary and secondary school?  Also how was hv108 constructed?

Many thanks!!
Re: education variables DHS 2022 [message #28030 is a reply to message #28008] Fri, 03 November 2023 09:41 Go to previous messageGo to next message
Janet-DHS is currently offline  Janet-DHS
Messages: 852
Registered: April 2022
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Following is a response from DHS staff member, Tom Pullum:

Yes, the relationship among these variables is tricky. "Highest year completed", hv107, is numbered WITHIN "Highest level attained", hv106. "Education completed in single years", hv108, is constructed from hv106 and hv107. The construction can be inferred from "tab hv107 hv106, summarize(hv108) means".

In my humble opinion, hv108 in this survey is not very useful. It ranges up to 33 years! You may want to do another recode that is based on less detailed categories of hv106. In most surveys, hv106 just has 4 categories, rather than the 8 categories in this survey. I can understand that the implementing agency wanted extra detail for hv106, but the construction of hv108 is not consistent with its label.

Re: education variables DHS 2022 [message #28056 is a reply to message #28030] Mon, 06 November 2023 12:48 Go to previous messageGo to next message
ceciliaca is currently offline  ceciliaca
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Registered: November 2023
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Thanks so much for the response. Based on this answer I understand that hv108 is not useful in this case.
However, my general understanding is that hv108 is not an actual question in the survey but it is constructed combining hv106 and hv107. Could you please let me know if this is correct?

In addition, the first part of my original request was not answered: from Unesco Institute for Statistics (UIS), in Tanzania primary school takes 7 years, low secondary school 4 years, and high secondary school 2 years, a total of 13 years. However, a tabulation of hv106 and hv107 shows 7 years for primary school (which is consistent) and 4 years for secondary school, a total of 11 years. How can this tabulation be reconciled with the education system in Tanzania as provided by UIS?

Is it possible that hv106, hv107 and hv108 have issues? Or am I missing something?

Thanks so much!!
Re: education variables DHS 2022 [message #28059 is a reply to message #28056] Mon, 06 November 2023 13:48 Go to previous message
Bridgette-DHS is currently offline  Bridgette-DHS
Messages: 3171
Registered: February 2013
Senior Member

Following is a response from DHS staff member, Tom Pullum:

Yes, hv108 is constructed from hv106 and hv107. In Stata, the line "tab hv107 hv106, summarize(hv108) means" shows how it is constructed. hv108 can only be interpreted as a recoding of hv106 and hv107. The label "completed years of education" is not interpretable.

The DP staff are looking into this, and we will post a response as soon as possible.
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