Pre-term births are determined using the calendar (VCAL$1), and the duration of pregnancy prior to a birth. This can be determined by looking at the number of "P" letters preceding a "B" in the calendar string. One character in the calendar string in VCAL$1 represents one month.
Below is an example of what a calendar might look like:
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
....5....0....5....0....5....0....5....0....5....0....5....0....5....0....5....0
Date <-2015-><---2014---><---2013---><---2012---><---2011---><---2010---><---2009--->
AJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJ
VCAL$1 11111111000BPPPPPPPP88888000000000111111110000000033333300TPP00000000
VCAL$2 1 4 5
In VCAL$1 at the time of interview in September 2014 in this example, the respondent was using pill (code 1). October 2013 in this example the respondent had a birth (code B) which was preceded by an additional 8 months of pregnancy (8 P's) for a total of 9 months including the month of birth. For pre-term births you would see fewer than 8 P's.